Python Class Methods

A class method is a method that works with the class itself rather than instances. It's defined using @classmethod and takes cls as the first parameter.

Class method ऐसा method होता है जो class के साथ काम करता है, न कि object के साथ। इसे @classmethod से define करते हैं और इसका पहला parameter cls होता है।

Example 1: Basic Class Method

class Employee:
    company = "LiveCodeProgramming"

    @classmethod
    def change_company(cls, new_name):
        cls.company = new_name

print(Employee.company)
Employee.change_company("CodeMaster Inc.")
print(Employee.company)

Output:

LiveCodeProgramming
CodeMaster Inc.

This method updates class-level data. All instances see the new value.

यह method class variable को update करता है जो सभी objects में shared होता है।

Example 2: Alternative Constructor

class Employee:
    def __init__(self, name, age, salary):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.salary = salary

    @classmethod
    def from_string(cls, data_str):
        name, age, salary = data_str.split(',')
        return cls(name, int(age), int(salary))

emp1 = Employee.from_string("Aryan,24,50000")
print(emp1.name, emp1.age, emp1.salary)

Output:

Aryan 24 50000

Class methods are useful for creating objects from string or other formats.

Class methods का उपयोग object को alternate तरीके से बनाने में होता है जैसे string से।

Example 3: Counting Objects

class Employee:
    count = 0

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        Employee.count += 1

    @classmethod
    def total_employees(cls):
        return cls.count

e1 = Employee("John")
e2 = Employee("Riya")
print("Total:", Employee.total_employees())

Output:

Total: 2

Use class methods to track and report class-level operations like object count.

Class methods object की संख्या गिनने जैसे कामों के लिए उपयोगी होते हैं।